Tuesday, August 21, 2018

Too Late for Tears (1949)


August 13, 1949, release date
Directed by Byron Haskin
Screenplay by Roy Huggins
Based on a serial for Saturday Evening Post by Roy Huggins
Music by R. Dale Butts
Edited by Harry Keller
Cinematography by William C. Mellor

Lizabeth Scott as Jane Palmer
Don DeFore as Don Blake
Dan Duryea as Danny Fuller
Arthur Kennedy as Alan Palmer
Kristine Miller as Kathy Palmer
Barry Kelley as Lt. Breach

Distributed by United Artists, Peter Rodgers Organization

Too Late for Tears is one of my favorite films noir, one of my favorite films. I am so, so sure that I watched this on television one afternoon after school, years ago, instead of doing my homework. This memory may be completely inaccurate, but it still holds a lot of nostalgic appeal for me. Watching Too Late for Tears today gives me that old familiar feeling. And this film noir, like so many others, explains pretty clearly what not to do to stay out of trouble!

Too Late for Tears is in the public domain, and you can watch it online at the Internet Archive by clicking here. You can even watch it with Portuguese subtitles at the same website by clicking here.

The opening music and credits over the nighttime scene, with the long shot of city lights in the distance, and the dark lonely road along the foreground, let viewers know immediately trouble is on its way. As soon as the credits are finished, car headlights appear on the road, at its farthest point. When the film cuts to Jane and Alan Palmer in the front seat of their car, Jane Palmer demonstrates what kind of woman she is by grabbing at the car keys while her husband Alan is driving. He says that he has never seen her this way before. Alan Palmer may not see the clues, but viewers know that changes are coming and, with the foreboding portrayed by the opening shots behind the credits, viewers also know that those changes won’t be good.

Alan and Jane Palmer are on their way to a party. Someone drives past them and throws a bag into the back of their car. Alan stops the car and opens the bag. When Jane see that it is full of money and that someone else is driving toward them, switching the headlights on and off as if in signal, she grabs the wheel of the car, orders her husband to get back in, and drives fast enough to elude what has now become the pursuer in the other car. Jane Palmer is a strong female lead: She takes control and never lets go, and she’s in it for herself. Danny Fuller, the driver of the other car, wants his money, however, and he gives Jane Palmer a chance to show how far she can go.

(This blog post about Too Late for Tears contains spoilers.)

Lizabeth Scott plays the strong female lead, and she is the quintessential femme fatale in this film, but Dan Duryea as Danny Fuller has all the best lines. Here are some examples:

Danny Fuller [to Jane Palmer]: “If you get that dough and dust with it [the money]. . . .”

Danny Fuller [to Jane Palmer]: “That’s better. Don’t ever change, Tiger. I don’t think I’d like you with a heart.”

Danny Fuller: “Where’s my dough?”
Jane Palmer: “Then, you’re not a policeman?”
Danny Fuller: “Only on my mother’s side, honey.”

Danny Fuller [to Jane Palmer after she shows up at his place with the money]: “Go away. Creep back out.”

Too Late for Tears has some twists and turns to keep viewers guessing. Who is Don Blake? Is he a blackmailer? Kathy Palmer, Alan’s sister, meets this self-identified friend of Alan about halfway through the movie, but nobody, including other characters in the film, is really sure of his identity. The claim check for the bag of money disappears and reappears, so does Alan’s gun, the only memento that he saved from his army days.

What an ending! Jane goes over a hotel railing in Mexico, holding on to some of the money that she ran away with. Too Late for Tears is noir from beginning to end, except for the fact that Don Blanchard and Kathy Palmer get together at the end. But that didn’t bother me because they had to wonder if they could trust one another from the start, and they took the whole film to figure it out. Seeing them get over that mistrust was satisfying, even if it wasn’t terribly noir.

Too Late for Tears was released just a little over sixty-nine years ago. It was also released with the title Killer Bait and, in France, it was released with the title La tigresse (The Tiger). I think the French got the title right: Not only is The Tiger a fitting name for this film (“Tiger” is the nickname Danny Fuller gives to Jane Palmer), it’s also a fitting description of Jane Palmer. She is a wild force to be reckoned with, and no one, not even Danny Fuller, can stop her. She proves to be too much for him to handle. And I think the French title La tigresse would have worked in the United States.

The film was restored, rescued from near-oblivion, by the Film Noir Foundation, and I am grateful to that foundation for the film’s availability. The print quality of the remaining copies of Too Late for Tears was deteriorating when the copies were restored, which explains why my borrowed DVD copy was “jumpy”: The sound and picture do not always match, the picture jumps as if some frames are missing, some of the shots are almost too dark to see, and small bits of dialogue are missing. The poor quality, especially at the beginning of the film, is disappointing because Too Late for Tears is a riveting story. But don’t let the quality of the recording stop you from seeing it. I have seen the film several times, and the story holds up after repeat viewings.

Although Too Late for Tears is in the public domain and you can watch it online, it’s worth obtaining a copy of the DVD with the following two features included: “Dan Duryea: Lady Killer” and “Lizabeth Scott: Femme Fatale.” Eddie Muller of the Film Noir Foundation hosts both features, and he provides a lot of great background information about each star, both of whom were mainstays of the film noir genre. Here are a few tidbits:
Dan Duryea
In contrast to his screen image (he almost always slapped his costar), Duryea married his high school sweetheart, Helen. She died in 1967, and he died a year later.
Duryea was one of the biggest stars of the 1940s and 1950s. He rarely played a leading man, but he was still a fan favorite.
Duryea never signed any long-term contracts with any major studios. He found he could make more money and take more control of his career as an independent.
Lizabeth Scott
Lizabeth Scott’s real name was Emma Matzo.
Scott was nicknamed “The Threat”: She looked a lot like Lauren Bacall and had a similar, smoky voice; thus, she was seen as Bacall’s competition.
Scott is remembered as a femme fatale, but she often played vulnerable characters, which helped keep her audiences guessing.

I’m already thinking that I should write about this film again sometime. Too Late for Tears is one of those films I never tire of seeing again and again.

Thursday, August 9, 2018

This Gun for Hire (1942)

April 23, 1942 (Denver, Colorado), May 13, 1942 (New York City), release dates
Directed by Frank Tuttle
Screenplay by Albert Maltz, W. R. Burnett
Based on the novel A Gun for Sale by Graham Greene
Music by David Buttolph
Edited by Archie Marshek
Cinematography by John Seitz

Veronica Lake as Ellen Graham
Robert Preston as Detective Michael Crane
Laird Cregar as Willard Gates
Alan Ladd as Philip Raven
Tully Marshall as Alvin Brewster
Marc Lawrence as Tommy
Olin Howland as Blair Fletcher
Roger Imhof as Senator Burnett
Pamela Blake as Annie
Frank Ferguson as Albert Baker
Victor Kilian as Drew
Patricia Farr Ruby
Harry Shannon as Steve Finnerty
Charles C. Wilson as the police captain
Mikhail Rasumny as Slukey
Bernadene Hayes as Albert Baker’s secretary
Mary Davenport as the sales associate in the dress shop
Chester Clute as Mr. Stewart, the rooming house manager
Charles Arnt as the dressmaker
Earle Dewey (aka Earle S. Dewey) as Mr. Collins
Clem Bevans as the scissors grinder
Lynda Grey as Gates’s secretary
Virita Campbell as the girl in the stairwell

Distributed by Paramount Pictures (1942 to 1958), Universal Pictures (1958 to the present)
Produced by Paramount Pictures

This Gun for Hire is one of the reasons I love films noir. It’s another example of a short B film that packs a lot of information in its short running time, and viewers have to pay attention to make sure they take in all the plot details. I had to see the film twice to understand the political intrigue, the international espionage, the relationships among all the characters. I suspect being a viewer in 1942 would have helped you! You would have caught all the cultural references the first time, and you would have been more informed about international events and the U.S. entry into World War II.

This Gun for Hire is also the film that made Alan Ladd a star, even though he was billed last: “introducing Alan Ladd.” It’s also the first of three films noir that starred Ladd and Veronica Lake:
This Gun for Hire (May 13, 1942)
The Glass Key (October 14, 1942)
The Blue Dahlia (April 19, 1946)

I can see why Ladd’s performance as Philip Raven in This Gun for Hire made him a star. He’s completely believable as a hit man who makes unpredictable choices that range between compassion and violence. He has most of the screen time, and he makes the longest speech in the film. It’s part of a conversation with his costar, Veronica Lake as Ellen Graham, in which he describes his background, explains why he is the way he is, and elicits her sympathy—and sympathy from viewers, too.

After the opening credits, the narrative starts with Philip Raven waking up to an alarm clock. A ragtime piano is playing on the soundtrack, which I think was intended to emphasize the ramshackle accommodations in a honky tonk neighborhood. Raven has been hired by a man who calls himself Johnson to kill someone named Albert Baker. But Johnson is really Willard Gates of the Nitro Chemical Corporation of Los Angeles, and thus the intrigue and double-crossing build from the beginning.

The first scene in the boarding house reveals that Raven is attentive to his cat, but he slaps the chambermaid when she swats at the cat to get it to leave. He then takes off to make the hit on Albert Baker. On the staircase in Baker’s apartment building, Raven meets a young girl in leg braces. He sees her on the way down, too, after killing Albert Baker and his secretary. The secretary wasn’t supposed to be there, but Raven cannot leave her alive as a witness. He considers shooting the young girl on the staircase because she, too, is a witness at least to his whereabouts, but he relents. Viewers learn right away that Raven is capable of evil. He has a soft spot, but it is impossible to predict when his soft spot will keep Raven from doing more evil.

(This blog post about This Gun for Hire contains spoilers.)

Willard Gates goes to the police, where he pays a visit to Detective Lieutenant Crane. Detective Crane, it turns out, is Ellen Graham’s boyfriend, which comes to light later in the film. Gates doesn’t know that; he is visiting Detective Crane because he intends to frame Raven. Gates paid Raven for the hit on Albert Baker with money he stole from the Nitro Chemical Corporation. During the theft, Gates injured the company paymaster, and he plans to double-cross Raven by pinning the theft on him. By the time the police catch up with Raven, they should then have a murder and the theft to pin on Raven.

Gates owns and runs the Neptune Club in addition to his day job at Nitro Chemical. Ellen Graham auditions for a part in an act at the club and gets the job. She is part of a sting working with Fletcher (who is posing as her agent) and Senator Burnett. Ellen is also involved in a double-cross of sorts, but she is on the side of patriotism: Senator Burnett wants her to find out what she can about Gates and the theft of industry trade secrets. Senator Burnett suspects that Gates is trading the secrets with foreign agents.

Ellen Graham and Philip Raven cross paths by coincidence (an example of fate at work in film noir), and she has an uphill battle trying to help him and getting him to help her with her citizen’s undercover investigation. Here’s a short example of a conversation between them that shows what she is up against:
Raven: “Hey, this is good luck. Cats bring good luck. Cats bring you luck. And it’s hungry. [addressing the cat] Ain’t got nuthin’ for you, Tuffy.”
Graham: “You like cats, don’t you?”
Raven: “Yeah. They’re on their own. They don’t need anybody.”
Graham: “Well, this one could do with a friend. So could you.”
Raven: “You’re tryin’ to make me go soft. Well, you save your oil. I don’t go soft for anybody.”
Raven doesn’t go soft during this part of the conversation. In fact, he suffocates the cat to stop it from meowing and giving him and Graham away to the police while they are in hiding. But Graham does convince him—eventually—to do his patriotic duty and get the information that she needs about Gates and his boss, Alvin Brewster. Lieutenant Crane gets the girl (Graham); Graham finds out that Brewster and Gates were selling the chemical formula to the Japanese; Raven dies, but he dies satisfied that he helped Graham find out what she needed to learn for Senator Burnett.

Alan Ladd’s performance as Philip Raven in This Gun for Hire made him a star and I think deservedly so. He can be ruthless, cunning, violent, yet he has unexpected loyalties and can be swayed to do the right thing, as Ellen Graham convinces him to do. Ladd’s performance in moving from these seemingly incompatible positions is believable, and viewers can sympathize with him after he meets Graham. That’s quite an accomplishment for a character—and for the actor playing the part—who gives serious thought at the start of the film to killing a girl in leg braces because she is a potential witness to his crimes.